David Hall's Encounters in the Sea Photography

Defenses

With the exception of "apex" predators such as orcas and great white sharks, every animal living in the sea is subject to predation. Potential prey have evolved a myriad of defensive strategies and most animals employ more than one of these. There are simple tactics such as swimming away or hiding, and more complex ones that include the use sharp spines, toxic chemicals or venom. There are even animals that mimic the appearance of a different animal that has an effective defense such as venom, while not actually possessing it themselves.

Blue Surgeonfish, Fiji	Lionfish, Japan	Clown Triggerfish, New Guinea
Boxer Crab, Indonesia	Anemonefish, Philippines	Decorator Crab, Red Sea
Aeolid Nudibranch, New Zealand	Porcupinefish, Cayman Islands	Damselfish, Indonesia
Schooling Trevallies, Indonesia,	Striped Catfish, Indonesia	False Catfish, Indonesia
Swimming Flatworm, Papua New Guinea	Flatworm Mimic, Papua New Guinea	Flatworm Mimic, Indonesia
Blenny, St. Vincent	Dragon Moray, Japan	Gobies, Japan
Scorpionfish, Indonesia	Scorpionfish, Indonesia	Ghost Pipefish, Papua New Guinea
Cowfish, St. Vincent	Sleeping Parrotfish, Indonesia	Electric Ray, Seychelles
Twinspot Gobies Papua New Guinea	Raccoon Butterflyfish, Hawaii	Flounder, Indonesia
Sea Urchin, Papua New Guinea	Whiteheaded Shrimp, Solomon Islands	Comet Star, Papua New Guinea